设计了一种基于离轴反射式光学结构、投影距离可以改变的增强现实型平视显示（AR-HUD）系统，以降低驾驶员的视觉疲劳。其中，眼盒的大小为130 mm×50 mm，虚像投影距离为3~10 m，可以通过改变图像生成单元（PGU）到一级镜的距离和像源尺寸的方式实现投影距离连续可调。通过随机取样的方式，在投影距离变化范围内随机选取一个投影距离对系统进行像质分析，证明投影距离连续可变。视场角（FOV）在投影距离的可调范围内恒为15°×5°，畸变小于5%，动态畸变小于5′，MTF在5 lp/mm处优于0.5。结果表明，当车辆与前方物体距离较近时，AR-HUD系统可以根据需要改变虚像的投影距离，且能保证像质始终符合规格。

针对数字剪切散斑干涉技术在检测过程中得到的包裹相位图中存在噪声干扰的问题，本文提出了一种基于同态滤波的正余弦全变分融合降噪的激光散斑图像噪声抑制方法。首先对同态滤波后的包裹相位图进行正余弦分解，然后在分解的基础上通过全变分滤波来抑制噪声，最终通过散斑抑制指数的变化自适应地判断滤波是否完成。通过仿真与实验对所提方法的有效性进行了验证。首先向仿真包裹相位图中添加噪声并采用所提方法进行噪声抑制，根据散斑抑制指数验证所提方法的可行性；然后对预制缺陷的复合材料试件进行检测，并采用所提方法进行噪声抑制；最后通过散斑抑制指数和相位展开结果对所提方法的滤波效果进行验证。结果表明：采用所提方法得到的散斑抑制指数相较于传统的正余弦全变分滤波方法约降低了10.7%，同时有效地保护了相位信息不被破坏。

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has limited effects in treating metastatic breast cancer. Immune checkpoints can deplete the function of immune cells; however, the expression of immune checkpoints after PDT is unclear. This study investigates whether the limited efficacy of PDT is due to upregulated immune checkpoints and tries to combine the PDT and immune checkpoint inhibitor to observe the efficacy. A metastatic breast cancer model was treated by PDT mediated by hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD-PDT). The anti-tumor effect of HpD-PDT was observed, as well as CD4+T, CD8+T and calreticulin (CRT) by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Immune checkpoints on T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry after HpD-PDT. When combining PDT with immune checkpoint inhibitors, the antitumor effect and immune effect were assessed. For HpD-PDT at 100mW/cm² and 40, 60 and 80J/cm², primary tumors were suppressed and CD4+T, CD8+T and CRT were elevated; however, distant tumors couldn’t be inhibited and survival could not be prolonged. Immune checkpoints on T cells, especially PD1 and LAG-3 after HpD-PDT, were upregulated, which may explain the reason for the limited HpD-PDT effect. After PDT combined with anti-PD1 antibody, but not with anti-LAG-3 antibody, both the primary and distant tumors were significantly inhibited and the survival time was prolonged, additionally, CD4+T, CD8+T, IFN-γ+CD4+T and TNF-α+CD4+T cells were significantly increased compared with HpD-PDT. HpD-PDT could not combat metastatic breast cancer. PD1 and LAG-3 were upregulated after HpD-PDT. Anti-PD1 antibody, but not anti-LAG-3 antibody, could augment the antitumor effect of HpD-PDT for treating metastatic breast cancer.

作为一种新型的激光探测雷达, 布里渊激光雷达可以用于海水参数的监测。针对现有的布里渊激光雷达反演模型存在反演精度和参数范围较小的缺点, 将频移和线宽作为自变量, 采用最小二乘法对温度与盐度进行了拟合, 提出了新的温度与盐度的反演模型。该模型提高了海水温度和盐度的反演精度与范围, 并从灵敏度、误差、不确定度三个方面对反演模型进行了分析。结果表明, 利用布里渊频移和线宽可以实现海洋温度和盐度的同步监测。在温度反演模型中, 布里渊线宽对温度的影响要大于频移对温度的影响, 新的模型温度反演范围从15 ℃≤T≤30 ℃扩大为10 ℃≤T≤30 ℃, 最大误差为0.17 ℃, 平均误差为0.07 ℃, 平均相对误差为0.27%, 比现有模型的精度提高了63.16%; 在盐度反演模型中, 布里渊频移对盐度的影响要大于线宽对盐度的影响, 该模型的反演范围也从30‰≤S≤35‰扩大为15‰≤S≤35‰, 最大误差为0.20‰, 平均误差为0.09‰, 平均相对误差为0.29%, 比现有模型的精度提高了77.50%。研究结果对布里渊激光雷达探测海水温度和盐度具有指导意义。

亲脂性偶氮染料苏丹红Ⅲ(Sudan Red Ⅲ)分子因染色后可使食品鲜艳、 不褪色, 常被放入食品添加剂中, 食用后对人体的肝肾器官有明显的毒性作用, 严重影响人类身体健康。 苏丹红分子的毒性与其分子几何和电子结构密切相关, 对其结构、 电子激发等研究具有重要的指导意义。 采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法结合def2-TZVP基组对苏丹红Ⅲ分子结构、 红外与拉曼光谱和紫外光谱进行系统研究, 结果表明PBE0和B3LYP杂化泛函方法计算的红外和拉曼光谱与实验值吻合; 采用含时的B3LYP杂化泛函计算得到的苏丹红Ⅲ分子的紫外-可见吸收峰为228、 353和490 nm, 与实验符合较好, 它们是基态电子向第2激发态、 第6激发态、 第30激发态跃迁所致。 采用空穴—电子分析法考察电子激发可知, S0→S2激发类型是氧、 氮原子到萘环和苯环上的n—π*电荷转移激发, 同时伴随着萘环、 苯环环内间的π—π*局域激发。 S0→S6激发类型是氮、 氧原子到萘环, 氮原子到苯环上的n—π*和萘环环内间π—π*电荷转移激发的叠加。 S0→S2和S0→S6激发类型属于电荷转移激发为主的混合激发。 S0→S30激发类型属于萘环环内的π—π*局域激发, 同时也伴随着氧、 氮原子到萘环上的n—π*和苯环到萘环上的π—π*电荷转移激发, S0→S30激发类型是以局域激发为主。 通过分子片段对空穴、 电子的贡献热图分析, 进一步证实了上述电子激发转移过程。 系统研究苏丹红Ⅲ分子的光谱及电子激发, 为实验检测食品苏丹红Ⅲ分子提供理论参考。

设计完成了一款具有特定结构的光阑, 光阑孔径深度设计为15mm, 光阑孔径张角设计为左右张角各为10°, 上方张角设计为6.5°, 下方张角设计为3°, 光阑安装在一级反射镜后, 光阑中心线与对应主光线重合, 同时采用双光电传感器与多温度传感器作为信号探测器接收信号幅值。通过特定孔径深度、张角等结构设计的光阑使得边界内、外幅值区分明显且幅值成正态分布, 结合传感器的使用将光照强度及像源面温度以数值显示, 便于检测标定。这检测设计光阑体积小、检测效果明显、成本低, 通过光阑与传感器的逻辑配合使用, 可以用于车载抬头显示器阳光倒灌的检测, 对车载抬头显示器行业起到一定借鉴作用。

The last several years have witnessed the prosperous development of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), which are considered as a promising competitor of energy storage systems thanks to their low cost and high safety. However, the reversibility and availability of this system are blighted by problems such as uncontrollable dendritic growth, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion passivation on anode side. A functionally and structurally well-designed anode current collectors (CCs) is believed as a viable solution for those problems, with a lack of summarization according to its working mechanisms. Herein, this review focuses on the challenges of zinc anode and the mechanisms of modified anode CCs, which can be divided into zincophilic modification, structural design, and steering the preferred crystal facet orientation. The possible prospects and directions on zinc anode research and design are proposed at the end to hopefully promote the practical application of ZIBs.